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This web site is designed to help navigate
you through the mountain loads of information about inventory
management.
Four kinds of inventories may be identified: 1. Raw materials Inventory: This consists of basic materials that have not yet been committed to production in a manufacturing firm. Raw materials that are purchased from firms to be used in the firm's production operations range from iron ore awaiting processing into steel to electronic components to be incorporated into stereo amplifiers. The purpose of maintaining raw material inventory is to uncouple the production function from the purchasing function so that delays in shipment of raw materials do not cause production delays. 2. Stores and Spares: This category includes those products, which are accessories to the main products produced for the purpose of sale. Examples of stores and spares items are bolts, nuts, clamps, screws etc. These spare parts are usually bought from outside or some times they are manufactured in the company also. 3. Work-in-Process Inventory: This category includes those materials that have been committed to the production process but have not been completed. The more complex and lengthy the production process, the larger will be the investment in work-in-process inventory. Its purpose is to uncouple the various operations in the production process so that machine failures and work stoppages in one operation will not affect the other operations. 4. Finished Goods Inventory: These
are completed products awaiting sale. The purpose of finished goods
inventory is to uncouple the productions and sales functions so that it
no longer is necessary to produce the goods before a sale can occur.
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